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We investigate the transport properties of one-dimensional systems beyond linear response, focusing on the fractionalization of propagating charges [1]. Starting from a right-moving unit charge, we predict its evolution into at least three distinct stable parts: a fractionally charged particle with free-particle dynamics, a left-moving signal, and a right-moving low-energy excitation, which can carry positive or negative charge depending on the interaction strength and energy regime. Our findings provide deep insights into the universal correlated nature of these emergent particles and pave the way for out-of-equilibrium transport measurements, offering a direct method to extract the interaction parameters governing correlations in the system.

References
[1] F. B. Ramos, R. G. Pereira, S. Eggert and I. Schneider, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 086502 (2024).

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