Optically detected coherent spin dynamics in single nitrogen-vacancy defects in individual nanodiamonds
The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy defect (NV-) in diamond is a color center which behaves as an individual atom or ion in a trap. Due to the dependence of the fluorescence emitted by the defect on its spin state, the spins of the electrons constituting this defect can be optically manipulated and read with a technique called Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR). Using this technique, we tested the coherence degree among the 6 electronic spins of a single NV- measuring Rabi oscillations at room temperature, revealing an inhomogeneous dephasing times T2* on the order of microseconds. Besides this, applying the spin echo technique, the homogeneous dephasing time T2 was measured in the same NV-, also on the order of microseconds. These measurements are essential for applying this system as a nanomagnetometer, since the longer T2* e T2 are, the larger the sensitivity of a detection scheme for these quantities is.